Internal-combustion engine



J. O. HULSE.

INTERNAL coMBusnoN ENGINE.

AFPLICATlON FILED MAY 2. i919.

Patented Dec. 30, 1919.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

A TTUR/VEYS 7 a n r l m n y '/llllll.'VIlllllllIll/llh 'Il/IIIllIlllllllIlllll/IMVL 'IlllIIIlll/lllIIlIIllIlll/lll//ll/lllll/lllllllll/Ill J. 0. HULSE. INTERNAL COMBUSTIO'N ENGINE. ARPucArlou man MAY 2; 1919i Patented Dee. 30,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

JOHN OTTO HULSE, 0F IFLIN'I.7 MICHIGAN.

Application filed May 2, 1919.

To all whom t may concern: Be it known that I, JOHN citizen of the United States, residing at Flint, in the county of Genesee and State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion En gines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines of the four cycle type.

Important objects of the invention are to provide a sub-piston operating within the combustion chamber to retain the same clean and free from carbon, to provide means to move the sub-piston longitudinally within the combustion chamber or cylinder and to impart a rotary movement to the saine upon its up stroke, to provide means whereby the sub-piston draws in the charge or mixture for the entire length of the cylinder, and to provide means whereby the subpiston is adapted to completely expel the products of combustion from t e cylinder.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings, forming O. HUIsE, a

a part of this specification, and in which.

like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same,

Figure 1 is a central vertical sectional view through an engine embodying my invention,

Fig. 2 is a' longitudinal taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of spring operated pivot elements,

sectional.l view Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section taken on.

line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

In the drawings wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral l() designates a cylinder, which is preferably vertically arranged, and equipped with a water jacket 11. This cylinder is rigidly secured toa crank case 12, as shown.

Disposedto reciprocate within the cylinder 10 is a hollow piston 13, having its lower end open. This hollow piston is Erovided with a central tubular depending oss 14, and horizontal boss-pins 15.

The boss-pins 15 have Vpivotal connection,

with a pair of pitmen 16, as s hown, and these pitmen have pivotal connection at their lower ends with a wrist pm 17 carried by Specification of Letters Patent.

,passage may be closed'by INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Patented Dec. 30, 1919. serial No. 294,139.

cranks 18 of a crank shaft 19. This crank shaft is journaled within bearings 2O carried by the crank case 12.

he numeral 21 designates an "outlet or eX- haust passage adapted to have communication with the upperend ofthe cylinderl 10, and this an upwardly seatmg valve 22. The numeral 23 designates an inlet passage adapted to lead into the cylinder 10, and this inlet passage may be covered by an upwardly seating valve 24. The usual spring and cam means are employed to operate these` valves in proper order, as is customary in a four cycle engine. The numeral 25 designates a sub-piston, arranged to operate within the cylinder 10 above the main piston 13. rigidly secured to a cylindrical rod 26, which is slidably mounted through the tubular boss 14. As more clearly shown in Fig. 4, the rod 26 is provided with acylindrical longitudinal opening 27, pivotally receiving a cylindrical extension 28, lof a coacting rod 29, having a shoulder 30. The extension 28 is provided near its upper end with -an annular groove 3 1, adapted to receive pivot Aelements 32 having screw threaded engagementwith the rod 26, as shown.

The rod 29 has pivotal `connection with pairs of pitmen 38, as shown at 84. There are two of. these pitmen on each side of the rod At their lower ends, these pitmen are pivotally connected, as shown at 34 with eccentric straps 35, carried by an eccentric 36. These eccentrics are arranged upon the opposite sides of a large gear 37 and rigidly secured thereto for rotation' therewith. The gear 37 is carried by a shaft 38, and is rotatable thereon, this shaft being' secured to the pitmen 16. The gear 37 engages a smaller This piston is gear 39, rigidly secured to the wrist-pin 17,

groove or opening 46, formed inthe rod 26, and this groove receives the inner end of a stationary pin 47, carried by the tubular boss 14.

The operation of the engine is as follows:

In Fig. 2, the main piston 13 is at the oit its upward scavenging movement. The sub-piston is at the top of the cylinder. The exhaust valve 22 remains open until the sub-piston reaches the end of its upward movement, thereby expelling the products of combustion from the cylinder. I/Vhen the main piston 13 descends upon its inta-ke stroke, the exhaust valve 22 is closed and inlet valve 24. opened. The sub-piston 25 also descends and serves to draw in the fresh charge. This charge is compressed upon the upstroke of the pistons. Vhen the pistons reach the end of the upward movement in this cycle, the sub-piston contacts with the main piston, and the compressed charge is fired vto drive the pistons upon the downward power stroke. The sub-piston travels at one-halt the speed of the crank shaft. The cams 3G and associated elements cause the sub-piston to reciprocate with relation to the -main piston, and the pin 47 and groove .46 cause the sub-piston to turn with relation thereto. The sub-piston servesto eiiectually remove all carbon deposited upon the inner wall of the cylinder, keeping the same clean.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described is to be taken as a preferred example of the saine, and that various changes in the shape, size, and arrangement of parts, may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, inlet and exhaust valves for the same, a hollow piston mounted to reciprocate within the cylinder and having an interior tubular boss, pitmen pivoted within the hollow piston upon opposite sides of the tubular boss, a crank shaft having a wrist pin pivotally connected with the pitmen, a sub-piston mounted to reciprocate within the cylinder above the hollow piston and having connection with a rod slidablc within the tubular boss, said rod being pro vided with a curved groove, an element secured to the tubular boss and projecting into the curved groove, a coacting rod pivotally connected with the first named rod to turn upon its longitudinal aXis with relation thereto, a large gear arranged between end` the .pitmen and pivotally connected therewith, eccentrics arranged upon the opposite sides of the large gear and secured thereto to rotate therewith, eccentric straps carried `by the eccentrics, pitmen having pivotal connection with the eccentric straps andthe second named rod, and a small gear carried by the wrist pin and engaging the large gear.

2. In an internal combustion engine of the character described, a cylinder, a piston mounted to reciprocate therein, a sub-piston sub-piston with relation to the main` piston. Y

4. In an internal combustion engine of the character described, a cylinder, a main piston mounted to reciprocate therein and having a longitudinal opening, a sub-piston arranged Within the cylinder above the main piston, a rod connected with the sub-piston and extending through the longitudinal opening and having a longitudinally curved groove, an element connected with the'main piston and operating within the groove, a crank shaft, a pitman connecting the crank shaft and main piston, and means operated by the crank shaft to move the rod longitu* dinally with relation to the main piston.

' 5. In an. internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a main piston arranged therein, a sub-piston arranged within the cylinder, a rod connected with the sub-piston, eccentrics, eccentric straps carried by the eccentric-s, links having pivotal connection with the rod and eccentric straps, pivot elements connecting the inner ends of the links, yielding means to move the pivot elements inwardly, a crank shaft having a wrist pin, a pitmanconnecting the main pitman and wrist pin, a gear carried by the pitman and having the eccentrics secured thereto, and

a second gear carried by the wrist pin and engaging the first named gear.

G. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder', a main piston arranged therein, a sub-piston arranged within the cylinder, and means to reciprocate the sub-piston with relation to the main piston including links, pivot elements to connect the links, and yielding means to move the pivot elements inwardly.

'- JOHN OTTO HULSE. 

